India’s mountains, also known as "Abodes of the Gods", attract several tourists due to their clean air, religious significance, and exciting adventure sports activities. The most significant mountain ranges are the Western Ghats, Himalayas, Aravalli, Eastern Ghats, Nilgiri, Shivalik, Vindhya, and Satpura ranges.
But as it can get difficult to grasp the names of each & every important mountain range, so we have tried to provide you with some best tricks available on the internet & some curated by us to learn about these mountain ranges.
Let's delve into these tricks to learn major mountain ranges along with peaks in India which form a major part of the competitive exams.
|
Brainstorming Time💡
Ever wondered about the difference between mountains, hills and ranges? We have read about these during our school days; if forgotten, still no worries! Let's take a quick recap.
-
A part of the land which rises more than 1000 feet is a mountain.
-
A part of the land which rises less than 1000 feet is a hill.
-
A range is a group of hills, mountains, etc.
|
Mountain Ranges in India
Now, let's just go through the mountain ranges in India. For your easy understanding, we have divided it into East, West, North, Northeast & South India Ranges. We have covered some of the significant hills and mountains, which are part of the mountain ranges of every possible state.
North & North-East India Ranges
1. Himalayan Range – The Himalayan Mountain ranges are considered the abode of the mountains & the youngest + highest mountain range in the world. The Himalayan Mountains extend up to 2,500 km in length. It stretches from Jammu and Kashmir in the north to Arunachal Pradesh in the east. They are further divided into:
a. Trans Himalayas- Karakoram, Ladakh range, Zanskar Ranges, Kailash
b. Greater Himalayas- Between Trans & Lesser Himalayas Ranges
c. Lesser Himalayas- Pir Panjal, Dhauladhar Range, Shivalik Range
(Several mountains and hills are part of the Shivalik Range, such as Mussoorie Hills, Nainital Hills, Chamba Hills, Morni Hills etc., covering Haryana, Himachal & Uttarakhand)
Tricks to learn Himalayan Mountain Range💡
Kal Jana Padega Desh Se
Ka- Karakoram
Ja- Zanskar
P- Pir Panjal
D- Dhauladhar
S- Shivalik
Source: SSC Exam
Source: onlyiasexam
2. Uttarakhand Ranges- Due to its proximity to the Himalayan ranges, Uttarakhand is full of hills and mountains. Even two of the most significant rivers in Hinduism originate in the glaciers of Uttarakhand, the Ganges at Gangotri and the Yamuna at Yamunotri. It includes:
a. Mussoorie Ranges
b. Kumaon Range
Source: Travel Triangle
3. North-East Mountain Ranges- These ranges have huge significance because the hills and mountains of this Northeast mountain range helps in diverting monsoon towards the northern plains. It includes:
a. Darjeeling Hills
b. Arunachal Pradesh Hills- Dafla, Miri, Abor, Mishmi, Patkaibum (named after the tribes living there)
c. Nagaland- Naga Hills
d. Manipur- East Manipur Hills
e. Laimatol Range
f. Mizoram- Mizo Hills, Bhubhan Hills (shared by Assam & Mizoram)
g. Assam- Mikir, Rengma, Barail Range
h. Purvanchal Range/ Eastern Mountain Range- The Purvanchal Range lies along the Eastern border of India with Myanmar.
i. Meghalayan Range- Garo, Khasi, Jaintiya
4. Rajmahal Hills- Falls in Jharkhand, Ganga river turns in the downward direction and enters Bangladesh.
Tricks to learn Northeast Mountain Ranges 💡
Hills of Arunachal Pradesh- Arun, Micky and Mimi were Dancing in A Pab
Arun- Arunachal
Mic- Mikir
MI- Miri
MI- Mishmi
Da- Dafla
A- Abor
Pa- Patkaibum
Meghalayan Hills- MEGHA is reading GK book by Mr. JAIN
MEGHA- Meghalaya
G- Garo
k- Khasi
JAIN- Jaintiya
Nagaland- NAGA Hills
Mizoram- MIZO Hills
Source: Lotus Arise
Central, West & East India Mountain Ranges
1. Chhattisgarh Ranges- It includes:
a. Hazaribagh Range
b. Ramgarh Hills
c. Mailan Hills- To the west of Hazaribagh range
d. Maikala Range- MP & CG Border
Source: TOI
2. Orissa Ranges- It includes:
a. Garhjat Hills
b. Tikarpara Hills
c. Nayagarh Hills
Source: Wikipedia
3. Madhya Pradesh Ranges- It includes:
a. Sonpar Hills
b. Kaimur Hills
c. Vindhya Range Hills
d. Satpura Ranges- The Satpura Range is a range of hills in central India.
(The Satpura range starts in Delhi, spreads towards Gujarat & runs east through the border of Maharashtra & Madhya Pradesh and ends in Chhattisgarh (below Vindhya Range). Between Vindhya and Satpura, a drift valley is created where the Narmada river flows, whereas the Tapi river flows below the Satpura range)
e. Mahadeo Hills
f. Gawilgarh Hills
g. Satmala Hills- North-west to Vindhya ranges
h. Satmala Range- Range between Maharashtra and Telangana)
Source: Satpura Range- Wikipedia
4. Gujarat ranges- It includes:
a. Kachch Peninsula- Kachch Hills
b. Kathiawar Peninsula- Mandav Hills, Gir Hills, Girnar Hills
Source: PSC notes
5. Maharashtra Ranges- It includes:
a. Ajanta Range
b. Sahyadriparvat Range
Source: Wandering Maharashtra
c. Harishchandra Range
Source: Wandering Maharashtra
d. Balaghat Range
Source: India Map
6. Aravalli Range- It is a range of mountains in western India that runs across the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, and Delhi. It is one of the oldest mountain ranges in the world and is considered the lifeline of the Indian state of Rajasthan. Rugged terrain, rocky outcrops, and dense forests characterize the hills of the Aravalli Range. The highest peak in the range is Guru Shikhar, located in Mount Abu, Rajasthan, which stands at an elevation of 1,722 meters (5,650 feet) above sea level.
South India Mountain Ranges
1. Karnataka Ranges- It includes:
a. Baba Bhudhan Hills
2. Andhra Pradesh Ranges- It includes:
a. Erramalla Hills
b. Nallamalla Hills
c. Velkonda Hills
d. Palkonda Hills
e. Sechalam Hills
f. Araku Valley
3. Tamil Nadu Ranges- It includes:
a. Javady Hills
b. Shevaroy Hills
c. Panchaimallai Hills
d. Sirumallai Hills
e. Palni Range
f. Mahendragiri Hills
4. Kerala Ranges- It includes:
a. Nilgiri Hills
b. Anaimalai Hills
c. Cardamom Range/ Hills
Tricks to learn South India Mountain Ranges 💡
Can She Go To Japan To Meet God?
C- Cardamom
A- Anaimalai, Araku
N- Nilgiri
S- Shevaroy, Sechalam Hills
Ja- Javady Hills
Pa- Panchaimallai Hills
N- Nallamalla Hills
M- Mahendragiri Hills
Eet- Erramalla Hills
Source: PWonlyIAS
Source: Research gate
Other terminologies
Western Ghats - The Western Ghats mountain chain is one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots supporting significant biodiversity.
-
It is a chain of mountains spanning 140,000 sq. km, traversing Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.
-
Some of the prominent hills and ranges falling in the Western Ghats are Nilgiri Hills, Anaimalai Hills, Cardamom Hills, Sahyadri Range, Baba Budan Hills, Palni Hills.
Eastern Ghats - The Eastern Ghats are older than the Western Ghats and have a complex geologic history related to the assembly and breakup of the ancient supercontinent of Rodinia and the assembly of the Gondwana supercontinent.
These are discontinuous ranges of mountains and hills located along the eastern coast of India comprising a few of the prominent mountain ranges like Javadi Hills, Shevaroy Hills, Nallamalla Hills etc.
Top 10 Mountains in India
After a thorough lookout at the mountain ranges, let’s dive into the top 10 mountains in India (based on the height of mountains in decreasing order).
Read until the end to learn the trick to learn these mountain peaks of India that are trending on the internet.
|
Rank (India)
|
Mountain Peak
|
Height
|
Location
|
Comments
|
|
1
|
Kangchenjunga Peak
|
8586 metres
|
Sikkim
|
Highest mountain peak in India & 3rd highest in the world. Located on the border that divides India from Nepal
|
|
2
|
Nanda Devi Peak
|
7816 meters
|
Uttarakhand
|
Second highest peak in India. However, it can also be said to be the highest peak in the India, as Kanchenjunga lies on the border regions of India and Nepal.
|
|
3
|
Kamet Peak
|
7756 meters
|
Uttarakhand
|
It is the highest summit in the Zaskar mountain Range of Garhwal region in the Chamoli District of Uttarakhand
|
|
4
|
Saltoro Kangri Peak
|
7742 meter
|
Jammu & Kashmir
|
It is a sub-range of Karakoram (the biggest range of greater Himalaya mountains)
|
|
5
|
Saser Kangri Peak
|
7,672 metre
|
Jammu & Kashmir
|
It comprises a group of 5 magnificent summits & is one of the sub-range of the great Karakoram range
|
|
6
|
Mamostong Kangri Peak
|
7516 meter
|
Jammu & Kashmir
|
It is the highest summit in the sub-ranges of Rimo Mustagh of the Great Karakoram range.
|
|
7
|
Rimo Peak
|
7385 meter
|
Jammu & Kashmir
|
Graces the northern side of Rimo Muztagh (part of the Karakoram ranges). One of the vital trade routes in central Asia & forms a part of the Siachen Glacier
|
|
8
|
Hardeol Peak
|
7151 meter
|
Uttarakhand
|
Referred to as Temple of God, is one of the most renowned summits in the Kumaon Himalaya, located in the northern parts of the Kumaon Sanctuary & Nanda Devi borders.
|
|
9
|
Chaukamba Peak
|
7138 meter
|
Uttarakhand
|
It is the highest mountain in the Gangotri group, located in the Garhwal Himalaya region of Uttarakhand out of the 4 peaks.
|
|
10
|
Trisul Peak
|
7120 meter
|
Uttarakhand
|
One of the three mountain peaks comprising a certain group of summits, situated in the mountainous regions of Kumaon
|
Tricks to learn Mountain Peaks 💡
Kanchan Devi Ko SaSaMamman RiHa kar Chuke The
Kanchan Devi ko- Kanchenjunga, Nanda Devi, and Kamet
SaSaMamman- Saltoro, Saser (Sal comes first than Sas), and Manostong Kangri
RiHa- Rimo and Hardeol
Chuke The- Chaukhamba and Trisul
Source: Byjus
Highest peak in Southern India- Anai Peak
Trick to remember 💡
South ka Anna
Anna- Anai