Tughlaq Dynasty: History & Rulers
Constitutional Developments

Tughlaq Dynasty: History & Rulers

The Tughlaq or Tughluq dynasty, which belonged to the Qarauna Turk tribe, a mixed tribe of Turk & Mongol stock, introduced sign currency or token currency for the first time in India. This Tughlaq dynasty rose to power during the medieval period, and its reign started in 1320 and briefly ended in 1413. The dynasty was ruled by various rulers, such as the first ruler- Ghazi Malik and Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq followed by many others with some of their surnames, not even being a Tughlaq. 

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Rise of Jainism in India: History & Facts
Constitutional Developments

Rise of Jainism in India: History & Facts

Jainism is one of the world’s oldest religions, that originated in India at least 2,500 years ago. They are concentrated in India’s west region, mainly in Maharashtra. Jainism’s spiritual goal is to become liberated from the endless cycle of rebirth and to secure an all-knowing state known as ‘moksha’, which can be achieved by living a nonviolent life or ahimsa. These traditions of Jainism were taken ahead by a succession of 24 tirthankaras (great teachers), renownedly known as the Vardhamana Mahavira, the last of the tirthankaras and most likely a contemporary of Gautama Buddha. 

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SSC CGL Exam 2023: Revised Pattern, Syllabus & Exam Dates
Constitutional Developments

SSC CGL Exam 2023: Revised Pattern, Syllabus & Exam Dates

SSC CGL stands for Staff Selection Commission Combined Graduate Level, one of the most sought exams conducted by Staff Selection Commission. It conducts both CHSL (Combined Higher Secondary Level Exam) and CGL (Combined Graduate Level). SSC is a very important organisation of the Indian government that conducts recruitment exams for several posts in various departments & ministries (Group "B" & "C" posts). This exam’s name is taken from the qualification needed for the exam

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Know the Difference between LOC and LAC
Constitutional Developments

Know the Difference between LOC and LAC

India has had some border-related conflicts with its neighbors like China and Pakistan. These border conflicts have played a major role in the outbreak of wars. The two most famous borders in this regard are the LOC and LAC. While LAC stands for Line of Actual Control, LOC stands for Line of Control. The LOC is a demarcated, military-marked frontier separating parts of India and Pakistan- occupied Jammu and Kashmir, whereas LAC is an unclear border demarcated between India and China which is considered a mere concept by both the countries as they interpret the line on their own terms disagreeing with each other.

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Khilji Dynasty: Everything you need to know
Constitutional Developments

Khilji Dynasty: Everything you need to know

There’s a saying that “Rajput women are as much a warrior as Rajput men”, and the movie “Padmaavat” portrayed this very well by depicting the bravery of a Rajput woman who performed Jauhar on Alauddin Khalji’s conquest. The Khalji or Khilji dynasty marked its origin in 1290 CE with Jalal-ud-din Khalji as its first ruler, followed by Alauddin Khalji and later his son (grandson of Jalal-ud-din). 

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IAS Hierarchy: Designations & Posts
Constitutional Developments

IAS Hierarchy: Designations & Posts

UPSC or IAS exam, just reading this down can freak us out as it is considered the toughest exam in India due to its huge syllabus & low pass percentage. The Union Public Service Commission of India is our country’s chief recruiting agency vested with the responsibility of conducting end-to-end recruitment & selection activities for several services under it. Amongst these, the prime ones are the All India services that constitute three arms: the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Police Service (IPS) & Indian Foreign Service (IFS). The Civil Servants or the recruits from all these services serve the Indian government and the respective states where they are placed. Each of them holds a strategic position in the Centre-State govt. and PSUs.

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7th Pay Commission: Features & Benefits
Constitutional Developments

7th Pay Commission: Features & Benefits

Many crave a government job not only for job security but also because of several other benefits such as paid holidays, fixed working hours, retirement & tax benefits and pay structure. Our Indian Government has been directly employing millions of citizens in various posts. So, for such purposes, the government has set up a separate pay commission since independence to monitor, review and recommend any possible modifications to the salary structure of government employees periodically, that is, after every 10 years. 

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Which Ocean is named after a Country ?
Constitutional Developments

Which Ocean is named after a Country ?

A total of five oceans and seven seas are recognized as of now. Still, suppose we add the smaller seas with these, such as the Barents, Beaufort, Chukchi, Kara, etc. In that case, we will have a total area of the Ocean of about 361,000,000 km², which is approximately 71% of the Earth's' surface. In short, our hydrosphere, which comprises the Ocean combined with all freshwater (in groundwater, lakes, rivers, snow, ice & atmosphere), makes up about 0.023% of the Earth's total mass. 

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Indian River System
Constitutional Developments

Indian River System

We owe our very own existence to our rivers. Undoubtedly, rivers are the lifeline of our country. It owes a divine status in Indian history; even great civilizations such as Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa were born along rivers. So, early river-valley civilisations included the Indus Valley Civilisation (Harappan civilization), Ancient Egypt (the Nile), Mesopotamia (along the Tigris & Euphrates rivers) etc. Rivers also have great significance in the economic development of our country. This article discusses the river systems in India, which form an important part of various competitive exams. So, let’s get started.  

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Indus Valley Civilization: History & Facts
Constitutional Developments

Indus Valley Civilization: History & Facts

Historically, India is referred to mainly by two short names, each of which is equally significant: "Bharata" & "Hindustān". The name “Bharata” is said to have been derived from the name of King Dhashrath’s son, Bharat or Dushyanta’s son, Bharata. Previously, Bhārat was referred only to the western part of the Ganges in North India but was later applied to the entire Greater India, just like "India". Then the name "India" was originally derived from the river Sindhu (Indus River) and has been in use in Greek since Herodotus (5th century BCE).

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Nazism and the Rise of Hitler
Constitutional Developments

Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

We’ve all heard this story where an eleven-year-old German kid overheard his parents discussing whether they should attempt suicide or kill the entire family. His father said, ‘Now the allies will do what we did to the crippled and Jews.’ The very next day, his father committed suicide in his office. His father was a Nazi and a big supporter of Adolf Hitler. Who was Hitler? How did he rule Germany, and why he hated Jews? Let us know in the article below.

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INA trials: Trial of Indian National Army in Red Fort
Constitutional Developments

INA trials: Trial of Indian National Army in Red Fort

Since the first war of independence in 1857, many wars have been fought, be it violent or non-violent, civil or military, etc., all fought with a common objective of making India a ‘free’ nation. So, not least of all, one of the most important freedom struggles was the Indian Independence Movement launched in East Asia by the late Rash Bihari Bose, which led to the formation of INA, together with the Provisional Government of Azad Hind with Cabinet Ministers and Advisers. That is: 

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Political Funding: How are Political Parties funded in India?
Constitutional Developments

Political Funding: How are Political Parties funded in India?

Elections form a major part of the parliamentary democracy system in India, which cost money like hundreds of crores. Political parties run offices throughout the country, and the staff salaries, travelling expenses, etc., are all regular expenditures of political parties, including election campaigns, tours, publicity and whatnot. Not even a single time has India missed its elections, and timely elections for the Parliament and State assemblies have been held. Therefore, the government do need funds. The conventional practice of funding the political system is through cash, and the sources are anonymous or pseudonymous.

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Types of Government around the World
Constitutional Developments

Types of Government around the World

A system or group of people who rule or control a country is known as a government. Most keywords that usually describe governments are monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy, mainly of Greek or Roman origin. Therefore, these have existed for more than 2,000 years, but their usefulness has yet to be exhausted.  From this, we can deduce that mankind has not altered these much since it existed. When it comes to types of government, it can be tough to classify systems in a single word as governments are ever-evolving, and national governments comprise several types.

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First Woman President of India - Pratibha Patil
Constitutional Developments

First Woman President of India - Pratibha Patil

Just like men, women are every bit as capable of being good leaders, and they have never failed to prove so. There have been many women personalities who were the first in their fields and became an inspiration for many others to hold such leadership qualities as Mithali Raj, Mother Teresa, Kalpana Chawla & Pratibha Patil, etc. This article discussed the journey of the first woman President of India when a milestone was reached in India’s history. 

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List of Presidents & Prime Ministers around the world
Constitutional Developments

List of Presidents & Prime Ministers around the world

Every country in the world has different government systems wherein few countries like China and Russia follow communism. Even with these differences, the only thing common among all these countries is that there is only one head of the state either the Prime Minister or the President. Over time & again, India’s PM Modi has maintained the top spot on the Global Leader Approval list this year (2022) by defeating the Presidents of many popular nations like US President Joe Biden. 

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Right to vote in India
Constitutional Developments

Right to vote in India

“You’ve got to vote, vote, vote, vote. That’s it, that’s the way we move forward”. Don’t worry, we are not forcing our thoughts on you but rather reminding you that we as a citizen have the most powerful non-violent weapon in our country. Not with guns or rifles but a single vote can easily turn the tables for Indian politics, all thanks to our Constitution. 

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President Election in India: Who will be elected for the 2022 Presidential election?
Constitutional Developments

President Election in India: Who will be elected for the 2022 Presidential election?

NDA’s presidential nominee Draupadi Murmu is all set for this year’s Presidential elections. If elected, she will become the first tribal President of the country. And the second woman president after Pratibha Patil. President Ram Nath Kovind’s tenure is coming to an end on July 25, for which a Presidential election will be conducted to fill his post on July 18; probably by the 21st of July, we will know who our new President will be. Now, the question is, how is the President of India chosen? What is the process? Is it the same as a Parliamentary election? In this article, we shall be discussing all of these.

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